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The Virtual Brain Ontology

A structured knowledge base and toolset for reproducible brain network simulations

what is tvb-o

One file. Any backend. A whole brain.

Write a brain-network experiment down once; TVB-O compiles it to running code on any backend. Below is one real spec, 84 regions on a diffusion connectome, and 20 simulations of it.

experiment.yaml the source
# scripts/landing_experiment.yaml
label: SupHopf on the dk_average connectome
dynamics:
iri: tvbo:SupHopf
parameters:
a: {value: 0.01}
omega: {value: [0.05609, … 84]}
network:
bids_dir: ../networks/bids/dk_average
coupling:
LinCoupling:
iri: tvbo:Linear
parameters:
a: {value: 0.05}
transforms: [normalized_graph_laplacian]
integration:
method: Heun
step_size: 0.5

the sweep · 20 real runs

0.01 0.050

mean FC +0.000

ses-101_desc-SupHopf.py generated
exp.run("tvboptim") a = 0.01 · G = 0.05

quietactive

Every slider position is an actual exp.run("tvboptim") on the spec at left. The same spec compiles to each backend beside it.

About TVB-O →

the platform

Browse the library, then build on it

Every model, network and study is curated from the literature, versioned with its provenance and validated against the schema — all of it open to explore. A free account adds a workspace on top, so what you build stays yours.

106
Dynamical models
39 canonical neural-mass
120
Studies
literature-derived
63
Connectomes
structural networks
9
Coupling functions
5
Parcellations
brain atlases
7
Backends
one spec, many targets

Counts from the current TVB-O database.

explore

Models, experiments and studies

Filter the curated database by class, search it by name, and open any record to its equations, parameters and the paper it came from.

  • Follow the links between a study, its model and its network
  • Open any record straight into the builder, or download it as YAML
  • No account needed — every public record is readable

save · create · share

Your own models, kept under your name

Assemble an experiment in the browser — network, dynamics, integrator, coupling — and keep it in a workspace you control.

  • Private by default, until you choose to share
  • Share with a colleague or publish for peer review
  • Load any saved experiment into Python with an API key

the community

Ask, and talk it through

Stuck on a model, a backend or a connectome? Ask in Help and get one accepted answer. For the open questions — methods, papers, where the field is going — there is Community.

the idea

One specification, two payoffs.

TVB-O encodes a whole brain-network simulation — dynamics, network, integration, observation and provenance — as one typed, ontology-grounded specification. From that single source it compiles runnable code and a methods section, and grounds every entity in a knowledge graph. Reachable by people and by AI agents.

compile ground THE SOURCE SimulationExperiment dynamics · network · coupling integration · observation · analysis parameter → biology one file · typed · grounded REPRODUCIBLE Compile to code + methods one spec → 7 backends, runnable re-runs a published study, no drift COMPARABLE Ground into a knowledge graph physics · biology · anatomy · clinical compare models that share no notation ACCESS Knowledge Graph browser · Experiment Builder · REST API — for people and AI agents

The source

One typed object holds the whole experiment

Not just the model — the network it runs on, how it is integrated, what is observed, how it is explored and analysed, and who ran it. Every field is validated against the schema and linked to the ontology.

SimulationExperiment schema-validated · ontology-grounded
Network
Parcellation→ Node→Edge
Dynamics
StateVariableParameterEquation DerivedVariableFunction
Coupling
ParameterEquation IncomingStateLocalState
Integration
MethodNoise InitialConditionTimeSeries
Event
EquationTarget
Stimulus
Waveform
Observation
SourcePipeline DataSourceDerivedObs.
Exploration
ExplorationAlgorithm
Analysis
OptimizationContinuation
Environment
SoftwareEnv.Execution ReferenceAuthor

Two payoffs

The same specification is executable and comparable

The same typed file compiles to runnable code across backends and grounds into a searchable knowledge graph.

1Reproducible

Compile to code and methods

One compiler emits equivalent code across independent backends and a publication-ready methods section — so a released study re-runs without drift between the paper and its implementation.

Execution backends
JAX tvboptim TVB PyRates NetworkDynamics.jl BifurcationKit.jl NumPy
2Comparable

Ground into a knowledge graph

Every entity is grounded in four domains at once, so models that share no notation can still be compared, searched, and cited by a stable identifier.

Grounding domains
PPhysicsQUDT · UO units
BBiologyGO · ChEBI · CL
AAnatomyUBERON · SANDS
CClinicalMeSH · ICD
293 grounding links · 239 classes · 37 GO terms

Access

Three doors into the same knowledge

Knowledge Graph

Browse models, networks, integrators and studies as a linked graph. Open any entity to its ontology grounding, parameters and source.

Browse resources →

Experiment Builder

Assemble a runnable experiment — network, dynamics, integrator, coupling, observation — and export it as validated YAML for the tvbo package.

Build an experiment →

REST API

Retrieve any model, network or experiment as schema-valid YAML from Python or any HTTP client — then load it back with from_string(...).run(). Built for humans and agents.

API reference →

Store, share and reproduce your own experiments

Create an account to keep your models and experiments alongside the curated database — public by default, private with an API key, and loadable straight back into Python.

Create an account →
Cite the preprint The Virtual Brain Ontology: A Digital Knowledge Framework for Reproducible Brain Network Modeling Martin, L. et al. — bioRxiv, 2025 doi:10.1101/2025.11.19.689211